About the Journal
Focus and Scope of VEIT: familiarizing scientists with theoretical and practical research devoted to promising areas of development of automotive electronics, the introduction and improvement of hybrid cars and electric vehicles, modeling of transport processes and systems, information technology and intelligent systems in transport, modern technologies for diagnosing systems and vehicle units. The problems of ergonomics, mechatronics, logistics, ecology, organization of training of special disciplines in higher education are considered.
VEIT designed for scientists, teachers, students, engineers of the transport and road construction industries.
The goal of the journal is to publish original and review papers and information materials, as well as exchange scientific information.
The journal publishes materials of theoretical and practical research devoted to:
- promising directions for the development of automotive electronics;
- introduction and improvement of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles;
- modeling of transport processes and systems;
- information technology and intelligent systems in transport;
- modern technologies for diagnostics of systems and units of vehicles;
- methodological research on the peculiarities of training and obtaining scientific degrees by applicants for technical specialties.
Specialty:
113 - Applied Mathematics;
121 - Software Engineering;
122 - Computer Science;
133 - Sectoral mechanical engineering;
151 - Automation and computer-integrated technologies;
274 - Road transport;
275 - Transport technologies (by type);
141 - Electricity, electrical engineering and electromechanics;
142 - Power engineering.
The journal also includes materials of reports of participants of the International scientific and technical conference "Vehicle and Electronics. Innovative Technologies".
Publication languages: Ukrainian, English.
Review process
The author (s) submits the manuscript of the article electronically via the Online Submission. The executive secretary checks the article for uniqueness using the official Unicheck service. If the uniqueness of the article is less than 80%, the article will not be accepted (in accordance with the standard of the KhNAHU STVNZ 85.1-01:2021).
Reviewers are appointed by the editor-in-chief.
The executive secretary transfers the article to the reviewers who review it and return the article along with the review no later than a week later.
Editor can make the decision only if at least two blind peer reviews have been delivered.
When the number of articles is sufficient for forming SAC collection of scientific works, the editor-in-chief convenes a meeting of the editorial board, where final decisions on articles received are taken and consents to the publication are given.
In case of receiving an unsatisfactory review, the editorial staff of the publication may allow the publication of the article marked "For discussion". After a meeting of the editorial board of the professional collection, the executive secretary transfers the published reviews along with the reviews to the publishing house.
If a manuscript is not deemed suitable for publication, the editorial staff send the authors recommendations for editing and revision of the manuscript.
Open access policy
All research articles published in the Automobile Transport journal are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download, and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license (CC-BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Publication Ethics
The Editorial board of the Scientific Papers Collections «Vehicle and Electronics. Innovative Technologies», which is published by Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, adheres to a certain level of requirements for the selection and acceptance of articles submitted to the editorial office. These requirements are predetermined by the scientific fields of the journal, which are set by the Certificate of state registration and the quality standards of scientific works and their presentation, adopted by the scientific community.
In the process of developing the guidelines of publication policy of the Journal «Vehicle and Electronics. Innovative Technologies» the editorial staff is guided by Order No. 32 of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated January 15, 2018, recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics – (COPE) as well as the expertise of foreign and Ukrainian scientific communities, organizations, editorial offices.
The evidence of the professional scientific community lies in adoption by scientists and experts of the code, which sets the basic rules of conduct and responsibilities of members of the community in relation to one another and to the public. Such a code is defined by the desire to maximize the benefit of the professional community and restrict the actions that could serve narrow interests of individuals, as well as provide the right of each author to intellectual property.
In view of the foregoing, the editorial board presents below the set of ethical standards that should be followed by the people involved in the publication of research results in the areas related to the journal’s field of specialization (editorial staff, authors and reviewers).
The editorial board believes that the rules given below are recognized and approved by the majority of qualified researchers, they can also provide substantial assistance to students, postgraduates and young researchers, to those who are to some extent new to research activities. Recognized scientists can welcome the opportunity to revisit the issues that are important to scientific practice.
Ethical Obligations of the Editorial Staff of the Journal
1. All materials provided for publication are carefully selected and reviewed. The editorial board reserves the right to reject the article or return it for revision. The author is required to improve the article in accordance with the comments of the reviewers or the editorial board.
2. A member of the editorial staff should give unbiased consideration to all manuscripts offered for publication, judging each on its merits without regard to race, religious belief, nationality, as well as seniority or institutional affiliation of the author (s). A member of the editorial staff, however, may take into account relationships of a manuscript immediately under consideration to others previously or concurrently offered by the same author(s).
3. A member of the editorial staff should review the manuscripts submitted for publication as soon as possible.
4. A member of the editorial staff should review the manuscripts submitted for publication as soon as possible.
5. Members of the editorial staff should not disclose any information about a manuscript under consideration to anyone other than those from whom professional advice is sought. After a positive decision has been made about a manuscript by a member of the editorial board, the article is published in the journal and posted on the appropriate electronic resources.
6. All research articles published in the Automobile Transport journal are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download, and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license (CC-BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
7. A member of the editorial staff should respect the intellectual independence of authors.
8. Editorial responsibility and authority for any manuscript authored by a member of the editorial staff should be delegated to some other qualified person.
9. Unpublished information, arguments, or interpretations disclosed in a submitted manuscript should not be used in an editor’s own research except with the consent of the author. When a manuscript is so closely related to the current or past research of an editor as to create a conflict of interest, the editor should arrange for some other qualified person to take editorial responsibility for this manuscript.
10. If a member of the editorial staff is presented with convincing evidence that the main substance or conclusions of the article published in the journal are erroneous, he should facilitate publication of an appropriate report pointing out the error and, if possible, correcting it. The report may be written by the person who discovered the error or by an independent author.
11. An author may request that the editor not use certain reviewers in consideration of a manuscript. However, the editor may decide to use one or more of these reviewers, if he believes that their opinions are important in the fair consideration of a manuscript. This might be the case, for example, when a manuscript seriously disagrees with the previous work of a potential reviewer.
Ethical Obligations of Authors
1. ОThe main duty of an author is to present an accurate report of the research performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance.
2. The whole responsibility for the content of articles and for the fact of publication rests with author(s). The editorial staff does not bear responsibility for probable damage caused by publication of a manuscript to authors or third parties. Editors have the right to withdraw the article already published in case somebody’s rights or generally accepted norms appear to be violated. The editorial staff informs author(s) of the article, people who gave recommendations and representatives of an organization, where the research has been held, about the fact of withdrawal.
3. An author should be aware that journal space is a limited resource and should use it wisely and economically.
4. A primary research report should contain sufficient details and references to accessible sources of information to allow the experts in this field to repeat the work. When requested, the authors should make every reasonable effort to provide other researchers with the samples of unusual materials unavailable elsewhere under making an appropriate material transfer agreements to restrict the field of use of the materials in order to protect the legitimate interests of the authors.
5. An author should cite those publications that have made a significant contribution to the conception of the reported study and those, which can offer the reader a quick overview of the earlier works that are essential for understanding the present investigation. With the exception of overviews, one should minimize the amount of quoted material that does not directly relate to the reported research. An author is obligated to perform a literature search to find, and then cite, the original publications that describe closely related work. For critical materials used in the work, proper citation to sources should also be made if these materials haven’t been obtained by the author.
6. Any hazards and risks that can occur during an investigation should be clearly identified in a manuscript reporting the work.
7. Authors should avoid fragmentation of research reports. A scientist who has done extensive work on a system or group of related systems should organize publication so that each report gives a well-rounded account of a particular aspect of the general study.
8. When preparing a manuscript for publication, an author should inform the editor-in-chief about related manuscripts that he may have under editorial consideration or in press. Copies of those manuscripts should be supplied to the editor, and the relationships of such manuscripts to the one submitted should be indicated.
9. An author should not submit manuscripts describing essentially the same results of the research to more than one journal, unless it is a resubmission of a manuscript that has been rejected or withdrawn from publication. It is generally permissible to submit a manuscript for a full paper expanding on a previously published brief preliminary account (a communication) of the same work. However, at the time of submission, the editor should be made aware of the earlier communication, and the preliminary communication should be cited in the manuscript.
10. An author should identify the source of all information quoted or offered, except that which is common knowledge. Information obtained privately, as in conversation, correspondence, or discussion with third parties, should not be used or reported in the author’s work without explicit permission from the investigator with whom the information originated. Information obtained in the course of confidential services, such as refereeing manuscripts or grant applications, should be treated similarly.
11. An experimental or theoretical research may sometimes serve as the basis for criticizing the work of another scientist. When appropriate, such criticism may be offered in published papers. Personal criticism, however, can not be considered appropriate under any circumstances.
12. The co-authors of an article should be all those people who have made significant scientific contributions to the work reported and who share responsibility for the obtained results. Other contributions should be indicated in a footnote or an “Acknowledgments” section. An administrative relationship to the investigation does not of itself qualify a person for co-authorship (but occasionally it may be appropriate to acknowledge major administrative assistance). Deceased people who meet the criterion for inclusion as co-authors should be included with a footnote reporting date of death. No fictitious name should be listed as an author or co-author. The author who submits a manuscript for publication accepts the responsibility of having included as co-authors only appropriate people. If an article is written by several authors, one of the authors who represents the contact details, documents and writes to members of the editorial staff, assumes responsibility for the consent of other authors of the article for its publication in the journal.
13. The authors must inform the editor-in-chief about any potential conflict of interests, such as consulting or financial interests of any company that might be affected by the publication of the results contained in this manuscript. The authors should ensure that no contractual relations or proprietary considerations exist that would affect the publication of information in a submitted manuscript.
Ethical Obligations of Reviewers
1. Inasmuch as the reviewing of manuscripts is an essential step in the publication process, scientists have an obligation to do a fair share of reviewing in the process of scientific method implementation.
2. If a chosen reviewer feels inadequately qualified to judge the research reported in a manuscript he should return the manuscript as soon as possible.
3. A reviewer of a manuscript should judge objectively the quality of the manuscript, of its experimental and theoretical work, of its interpretations and its exposition, with due regard to the maintenance of high scientific and literary standards. A reviewer should respect the intellectual independence of the authors.
4. A reviewer should be sensitive to the appearance of a conflict of interest when the manuscript under review is closely related to the reviewer’s work in progress or published. If in doubt, the reviewer should return the manuscript promptly without review, indicating the conflict of interest.
5. A reviewer should not evaluate a manuscript authored or co-authored by a person with whom the reviewer has a personal or professional connection if the relationship can bias judgment of the manuscript.
6. A reviewer should treat a manuscript sent for review as a confidential document. It should neither be shown to nor discussed with others except, in special cases, to people from whom specific advice may be sought.
7. Reviewers should explain and support their judgments adequately so that editors and authors may understand the basis of their comments. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument have been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation.
8. A reviewer should be alert to failure of authors to cite relevant work by other scientists, bearing in mind that complaints that the reviewer’s own research is insufficiently cited may seem self-serving. A reviewer should call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity between the manuscript under consideration and any published paper or any manuscript submitted concurrently to another journal.
9. A reviewer should provide a report in a timely manner.
10. Reviewers should not use or disclose unpublished information, arguments, or interpretations contained in a manuscript under consideration, except with the consent of the author. If this information indicates that some of the reviewer’s work is unlikely to be profitable, the reviewer, however, could ethically discontinue the work.
Editorial Board
Chief Editor:
Dzyubenko Oleksandr, Candidate of Science in Engineering (PhD), Assoc. Prof., Associate Professor of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU
0000-0002-0387-4956, Google Scholar, website.
Vice Editor-in-Chief:
Arhun Shchsiana, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU
0000-0001-6098-8661, Google Scholar, website.
Executive Secretary:
Trunova Irina, Candidate of Science in Engineering (PhD), Assoc. Prof., Associate Professor of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU
Editorial Board Members:
Abramchuk F. I., Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Internal Combustion Engines, KhNAHU 0000-0001-7430-7484;
Aleksiyev Oleg, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Information Technology and Mechatronics, KhNAHU;
Bazhinov Oleksii , Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Motor Vehicle Repair and Maintenance, KhNAHU;
Batygin Yu.V., Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of Physics Department, KhNAHU 0000-0002-1278-5621;
Bogajevskiy Aleksandr, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU 0000-0001-6568-0340;
Bogomolov Viktor, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Rector, KhNAHU; 0000-0001-6871-8244;
Volkov Vladimir, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Motor Vehicle Repair and Maintenance, KhNAHU, 0000-0003-2202-3441;
Voronkov Alex, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor of the Department of Internal Combustion Engines, KhNAHU, 0000-0002-8389-2459;
Hnatov Andrii, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of Vehicle Electronics Department, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University (KhNAHU), 0000-0003-0932-8849;
Gurko Alexander, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Automation and Computer-Integrated Technologies, KhNAHU, 0000-0001-9905-8584;
Horbachov Petro, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Transport Systems and Logistics, KhNAHU 0000-0002-8180-4072;
Dvadnenko Vladimir, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof. of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU, 0000-0002-6634-3431;
Daleka Vasyl, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof. Professor of the Department of Electric Transport, Kharkiv National University of Municipal Economy named after OM Beketov;
Klimenko Valeriy, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Motor Vehicles, KhNAHU, 0000-0002-7399-0397;
Klets Dmytro, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Vice-Rector for Scientific and Pedagogical Work, KhNAHU, 0000-0001-7463-1030;
Kolodiazhnyi Volodymyr, Dr. physical and mathematical Sciences, Prof. Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics, KhNAHU;
Korohodskyi Volodymyr, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of Internal Combustion Engines, KhNAHU, 0000-0002-1605-4631;
Mygal Vasiliy, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of Department of Tractors and Cars, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture, 0000-0002-2308-760X;
Naglyuk Ivan , Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Road Safety Management, KhNAHU, 0000-0001-9411-4479;
Nagornyy Yevgen, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of Transport Technologies Department, KhNAHU;
Nikonov Oleh, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Computer Technology and Mechatronics, KhNAHU;
Podrigalo Mikhail A., Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Motor Vehicle Repair, KhNAHU 0000-0002-1624-5219;
Polyansky Alexandr, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Motor Vehicle Repair, KhNAHU;
Olexii Saraiev, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Automobiles, KhNAHU, 0000-0001-6582-560X;
Smyrnov Oleh, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor of Vehicle Electronics Department, KhNAHU, 0000-0003-4881-9042;
Solodov Valerii, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical Mechanics and Hydraulics, KhNAHU;
Shuklinov Serhii, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Professor of the Department of Motor Vehicles, KhNAHU, 0000-0002-3157-3069;
Yaniutin Yevhen, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Professor, Professor of the Department of Mathematics, Kharkiv State University of Nutrition and Trade, Kharkiv;
Bohdan Dmytro, Cand. tech. Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Machine Parts and Theory of Mechanisms and Machines, KhNAHU;
Vdovychenko Volodymyr, Candidate of Science in Engineering (PhD), Assoc. Prof., Associate Professor of Transport Technologies Department, KhNAHU, 0000-0003-2746-8175;
Voropai Oleksii, Cand. tech. Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Machine Parts and Theory of Mechanisms and Machines, KhNAHU;
Mykhalevych Mykola, Cand. tech. Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Automotive, KhNAHU, scopus ID: 6602357955;
Chaplygin Evgen, Candidate of Science in Engineering (PhD), Assoc. Prof., Associate Professor of Physics Department, KhNAHU;
Tropina Albina Albertovna, Dr., prof., Texas A and M University, Department of Aerospace Engineering, College Station, United States, scopus ID: 23974103800;
Vrublevsky Aleksandr Nikolaevich, prof., D. Sc., University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland;
Patlins Antons, Riga Technical University, Faculty of Electrical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Electronics and Electrical Engineering. Riga, Latvia, scopus ID: 26422352700
Kapski Denis, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Prof., Dean of the Automative and Tractor Faculty, Belarusian National Technical University, 0000-0001-9300-3857;
Garbincius Giedrius, Dr., assos.prof., Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania, scopus ID: 9279949700;
Hartmut Beckedahl, Dr.-Ing, prof., Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, Institute of Pavement Construction and Pavement Design, Germany, scopus ID: 14007378000;
Tipans Igors, Dr., Deputy Rector, International Academic Cooperation and Studies, Riga Technical University, Institute of Mechanics, Latvia, scopus ID: 55007924500;
Roland Lachmayer, Ph.D., Dr.-Ing, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Institute of product development, Germany, 0000-0002-3181-6323;
Antoshkiv Oleksiy, Doctor of Engineering (DSci), Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbusdisabled, Cottbus, Germany, scopus ID: 56135127200.
Copyright Notice
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Competing Interests
The Editors of the journal VEIT ask the authors to declare any competing financial and/or non-financial interests in the described work.
Definition. For the purposes of this policy, Competing Interests are defined as financial and non-financial interests that could directly undermine, or be perceived to undermine the objectivity, integrity and value of a publication, through a potential influence on the judgements and actions of authors with regard to objective data presentation, analysis and interpretation.
Financial conflicts of interest include any of the following:
Funding: research support (including salaries, equipment, supplies, and other expenses) by organizations that may gain or lose financially through this publication. A specific role for the funder in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript, should be disclosed.
Employment: recent (while engaged in the research project), present or anticipated employment by any organization that may gain or lose financially through this publication.
Personal financial interests: stocks or shares in companies that may gain or lose financially through publication; consultation fees or other forms of remuneration (including reimbursements for attending symposia) from organizations that may gain or lose financially; patents or patent applications (awarded or pending) filed by the authors or their institutions whose value may be affected by publication. For patents and patent applications, disclosure of the following information is requested: patent applicant (whether author or institution), name of inventor(s), application number, status of application, specific aspect of manuscript covered in patent application.
Non-financial competing interests:
Non-financial competing interests can take different forms, including personal or professional relations with organizations and individuals. We would encourage authors and referees to declare any unpaid roles or relationships that might have a bearing on the publication process. Examples of non-financial competing interests include (but are not limited to):
- unpaid membership in a government or non-governmental organization;
- unpaid membership in an advocacy or lobbying organization;
- unpaid advisory position in a commercial organization;
- writing or consulting for an educational company;
- acting as an expert witness
The absence of conflict of interest or their presence is stated in the article.
The authors provide a form of conflict of interest. The form is not published in the public domain and can only be provided upon request (for example, in the process of double-blind review), provided that this does not violate the confidentiality of the data provided in the form.
We recognize that some authors may be bound by confidentiality agreements. In such cases, in place of itemized disclosures, we require authors to state: "The authors declare that they are bound by confidentiality agreements that prevent them from disclosing their competing interests in this work."
We do not require authors to state the monetary value of their financial interests.
If reviewers have a conflict of interest regarding the peer-reviewed article, they must notify the editors of the journal VEIT. In this case, the article will be submitted for review to another expert.
A conflict of interest can be identified at the stage of double blind peer review or after publication. In this case (in accordance with the COPE schemes):
- The editors will contact the corresponding author to clarify the existence of an unspecified conflict of interest.
- An investigation will be conducted based on the justifications of the author (s) and the reviewer or reader who has declared a conflict of interest.
- If the investigation reveals a conflict of interest, it will be added to the article. Or, appropriate corrections will be made according to the article's retraction policy.
Anti-plagiarism
The Law of Ukraine "On Education" (paragraph 4, article 42 "Academic Integrity") provides the following definition of academic plagiarism.
Academic plagiarism is the publication (in part or in full) of scientific (creative) results obtained by others as the results of one's own research (creativity) and/or reproduction of published texts (published works of art) by other authors without indication of authorship.
Plagiarism clearly took place when large pieces of text were copied and pasted without a proper and unambiguous reference.
Such manuscripts are not considered for publication in the VEIT.
Rewriting or reusing parts of the text from previous publications of the author is a form of self-plagiarism.
Self-plagiarism is the publication (in part or in full) of their own previously published scientific results as new scientific results.
Duplicate publication occurs when an author reuses significant parts of their own published work without providing appropriate references. This can range from publishing an identical article in several Journals to adding a small amount of new data to a previously published article.
The Editorial Board of the «Automobile Transport» evaluates all such cases individually.
If plagiarism is identified after the publication of the article, the Editorial Board of the Journal may revoke the original publication depending on the degree of plagiarism, the context of the published article and its impact on the overall integrity of the published research.
In case of detection of copyright infringement (plagiarism) after publication, the article is not deleted from the archive of the Journal (on the web site) and marked "Plagiarism", in accordance with international protocols of anti-plagiarism policy.
This article marked "Plagiarism" is displayed in all resources in which the Journal is indexed.
All manuscripts submitted for publication in the «Automobile Transport» are checked for uniqueness by a specialized service Unicheck.com. Authors are sent a protocol (Unicheck Similarity Report) with detailed results of checking the article for plagiarism. The manuscript may be accepted for publication only if it is at least 80 % unique.
Also, in addition, the uniqueness of the manuscript is evaluated at the stage of review (as one of the criteria evaluated by Reviewers).
Materials submitted to the VEIT must be original and must not be published or transferred for publication elsewhere. This rule also applies to materials presented elsewhere, while the manuscript is under consideration in the VEIT.
If the manuscript is also submitted for consideration for publication in another Journal, the authors are obliged to inform about it when submitting the manuscript to the VEIT.
History of the journal
The journal was founded in 2011 on the Department of Vehicle Electronics Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University.
ISSN (online): 2226-9266
The journal is included in the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine of Category "B" by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine № 612 dated 07.05.2019.
This journal allow authors to retain the copyright of their papers,without restrictions. All research articles published in the Automobile Transport journal are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download, and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license (CC-BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.